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Raising an Issue Slums - also known as shantytowns, squatter cities, and informal settlements – are undeniably a serious urban problem. They epitomize city cores that are overcrowded, unhealthy, and emblems of profound inequality. But among architects, planners, and other thinkers, there is a growing realization that they also possess unique strengths, and may even hold lessons in successful urban development. Prince Charles the British monarch post his visit to Dharavi - India’s largest slum- in 2003 noted the “underlying, intuitive ‘grammar of design’ and predicted that “in a few years’ time such communities will be perceived as best equipped to face the challenges that confront us because they have built-in resilience and genuinely durable ways of living.” In saying so he echoed development specialists and slum dwellers themselves in arguing that slums have assets along with their obvious shortcomings. Their humming economic activity and proximity to city centers represent big advantages over the subsistence farming that many slum dwellers have fled along with the constant upgrading and expansion of homes.
The 2010 focus of 3610 -The Conference is on Design & Informal Cities. It aims to address the need for design interventions in the informal sectors of urban existence which are integral to the city. Scheduled between 22 to 24 October 2010, it is being organized jointly by the Indian Architect & Builder magazine and Citizens’ Groups that are actively involved with issues concerning informal settlements in Mumbai and especially the future of Dharavi – one of Asia’s largest informal settlements, under much scrutiny. We believe, the question of design of these settlements has not been adequately articulated when discussing and imagining ‘Futures for the Informal City’ – and the role of the platform remains to draw the attention of all local stakeholders on the role of physical design in the evolution of this informal sector as a part of the larger urban grid
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IA&B
Indian Architect & Builder (IA&B) is India’s niche ‘B2B’ magazine that focuses on contemporary trends in architecture, design, professional practice, technology and products. A 23-year old magazine, IA&B caters to architects as well as every member of the AEC industry. With a readership of 300,000, IA&B goes beyond just being a magazine by extending itself as a ‘one-stop-shop’ for the AEC Industry with online portal ( www.aecworldxp.com), events, key client works and expos. ( www.iabforum.com)
Jasubhai Media:
The Jasubhai Group is a dynamic services company, specialising in content through print, onground and electronic media. Established in 1967, the group initially comprised of three major companies - Engineering, Publications, Events and Technology that cover a range of operations from special-interest publications and exhibitions to process instrumentation. The Jasubhai Group is primarily involved in four core business areas viz: Business & Technology Media, Engineering & Manufacturing and E-learning, Software Services and AEC. ( www.jasubhai.com)
SPARC
The Society for the Promotion of Area Resource Centers (SPARC) is one of the largest Indian NGOs working on housing and infrastructure issues for the urban poor. In 1984, when SPARC was formed, it began working with the most vulnerable and invisible of Mumbai's urban poor—the pavement dwellers. SPARC's philosophy is that if we can develop solutions that work for the poorest and most marginalised in the city, then these solutions can be scaled up to work for other groups of the urban poor across the country and internationally. Since 1986, SPARC has been working in partnership with two community-based organisations the National Slum Dwellers Federation and Mahila Milan. Together, they are known as the Alliance. Today, the Alliance works in about 70 cities in the country and has networks in about 20 countries internationally.
The National Slum Dwellers Federation (NSDF):
The National Slum Dwellers Federation (NSDF) was founded in 1974 by Jockin Arputham when he fought on behalf of a community of 70,000 to appeal a 1976 eviction order. It has a membership of 750,000 poor households spread over 70 towns and cities in India. NSDF assists slum dwellers to obtain secure tenure, access adequate housing and develop basic infrastructure including water and sanitation. In the 1980s NSDF formed an alliance with Mahila Milan and SPARC, and this alliance became the basis for establishing Slum Dwellers International in 1996.
Uraban Design Research Institute (UDRI)
The Urban Design Research Institute is a public charitable trust that focus on the urban environment and works towards its improvement. The UDRI is a forum that supports interaction among architects, urban designers and professionals from such related fields as urban economics, sociology, planning, conservation and history. UDRI’s objectives is to generate awareness, on various issues concerning the city such as urban transportation, housing, infrastructure, governance, environmental issues, urban conservation among multiple stakeholders citizens, researchers, the media, policy makers and implementation agencies and to give content to public discussion on major issues concerning the urban fabric of Mumbai.
Slum Dwellers International (SDI)
is a global non-governmental organisation (NGO) that manages networks of the urban poor and slum dwellers that are organised into federations and which are usually based in the Global South. It is an international network of federations of the urban poor who share ideas and experiences, and support one another in gaining access to adequate land, infrastructure and housing. SDI brings together poor men and women from urban settlements, through national and international exchange visits, events and meetings to enable the rapid transfer of knowledge, experiences and skills directly between poor people in different countries. People living in poor communities learn to see their own situations in a new light, to share their own knowledge, and to learn from the experiences of others facing similar challenges.
PUKAR
PUKAR is an initiative that aims to contribute to a global debate about urbanization and globalization.
PUKAR takes Mumbai as its conceptual base and laboratory for cross-disciplinary research projects. The organization was founded in 2001 and organizes seminars, workshops, talks and film screenings in English, Marathi and occasionally other Mumbai languages, and focuses specifically on producing a new space for critical engagement. Its goal is to generate new urban knowledge by encouraging maximum participation of Mumbai’s citizens in this process. PUKAR’s team consists of a group of scholars, social and cultural activists and professionals in the fields of art, journalism, film, architecture, urban planning and social sciences. PUKAR has an innovative transnational structure that allows PUKAR to tap into transnational circuit of scholarship and activism in creative ways and to bring respective concerns of Mumbai to these global circulations.
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| Speaker Profiles |
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Alfredo Brillembourg
In 1993, Alfredo Brillenbourg founded the Urban Think Tank (UTT) in Caracas, Venezuela, a multi-disciplinary design practice dedicated to high-level research and design on contemporary architecture and urbanism. The philosophy of UTT is to deliver innovative yet practical solutions through the combined skills of architects, civil engineers, environmental planners, landscape architects and communication specialists. Their designs reflect a sensibility to economic efficiency, social and cultural benefits. |
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Aromar Revi
Aromar is a researcher, international consultant and practitioner with extensive inter-disciplinary experience in public policy development, technology and sustainability and is also the Founding Director of TARU, a leading South Asian research consulting firm. He has been a Senior Advisor to various ministries of the government of India and consultant with a wide range of multilateral and bilateral development institutions including the World Bank, UNEP, UNU and DFID. Over the last two years, he has been a part of a team working on the dynamics of decentralised governance in India. He has made significant contributions to the development of human settlements in India, for which he was elected an Ashoka Fellow in 1990. He is one of south Asia’s leading disaster mitigation and management experts. |
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Alejandro Echeverri
Graduated in 1987 from the Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana (UPB) in Medellín, Colombia, he studied Urban Studies Doctoral Program from 1998 to 2000 at the Barcelona Advanced Technical School of Architecture (ETSAB). He was a Professor and director of UPB Architectural Studies Group. His work received recognition in 1996, when he was awarded the Fernando Martinez Sanabria National Architecture Prize from the Colombian Architecture Society, the same year in which he won honourable mention at the X Panamerican Biennial Architecture Exhibition in Quito, Ecuador. For the municipality of Medellín he was Director of Urban Planning from 2005 to 2007 and General Director of the Enterprise for Urban Development (EDU) from 2004 to 2005, during the administration of Mayor Sergio Fajardo. |
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Arif Hasan
Based in Pakistan, Hasan completed his architecture education from Oxford Polytechnic, England and established his practice in Karachi in 1968. He is renowned for his involvement with low-income settlement programs besides his large number of residential, commercial and educational facilities in Pakistan. He has been a Consultant to various United Nations agencies, international organisations, non-governmental organisations and community groups. The Orangi Pilot Project, to which he is Consultant, has attracted international attention as Asia’s largest slum settlement. He is the Chairman of the Urban Resource Centre in Karachi, an institution that conducts research and advocacy for informal settlements. |
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David Satterthwaite
into urban plans and policies. He works as a Senior Fellow with the Human Settlements Programme at the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED). He has been the Editor of the international journal Environment and Urbanisation and co-author of several Earth scan books including Environmental Problems in an Urbanizing World: Local Solutions for Cities in Africa, Asia and Latin America (with Jorge E. Hardoy & Diana Mitlin), Earthscan, 2000. He was awarded the Volvo Environment Prize in 2004. |
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Eyal Weizman
Based in London, Weizman holds a PhD from the London Consortium, Birkbeck College. He is the Director of the Centre for Research Architecture at Goldsmiths College. Since 2007, he is a member of the architectural collective ‘decolonising architecture’ in Beit Sahour, Palestine. Weizman has taught, lectured, curated and organised conferences in many institutions worldwide. Having published many books including The Lesser Evil (Nottetempo, 2009), Hollow Land (Verso Books, 2007) and the series Territories 1,2 and 3. He is a member of editorial boards of several journals and magazines. Weizman was a recipient of the James Stirling Memorial Lecture Prize for 2006–2007. |
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Edgar Pieterse
Professor Edgar Pieterse is holder of the DST/NRF South Africa Research Chair in Urban Policy. He directs the African Centre for Cities at the University of Cape Town. His publications include: Counter-Currents: Experiments in Sustainability in the Cape Town Region (Jacana, 2010); The African Cities Reader (Chimurenga, 2010); City Futures: Confronting the Crisis of Urban Development, (Zed Books, 2008) and Consolidating Developmental Local Government (UCT Press, 2008). His work focuses on topics ranging across: cultural planning, planning theory, urban culture, local economic development, sustainable cities and African urbanism. Professor Pieterse advises various development agencies on sustainable urban development policy matters, e.g. the African Development Bank, UN-Habitat, the Development Bank of Southern Africa, and the OECD Urban Division. |
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Teddy Cruz
The work of Estudio Teddy Cruz dwells at the border between San Diego and Tijuana, Mexico, inspiring a practice and pedagogy that emerges out of the particularities of this bicultural territory and the integration of theoretical research and design production. The studio’s projects effectively search to transform top-down legislature and lending structures, in order to generate a new brand of bottom-up social and economic justice that can bridge the political equator. Teddy Cruz has taught and lectured in various universities in the US. and Latin America |
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Dr. Liza Weinstein
An Assistant Professor of Sociology, she recently received her Ph.D. from the University of Chicago specialising in the study of urban communities and globalisation. Dr. Weinstein is the author of several articles and book chapters on the social and political conflicts that often accompany urban planning within developing societies. Her most recent project rests on many months of ethnographic research on the slums of Mumbai, India that has led to such publications as Mumbai’s Development Mafias: Organised Crime, Land Development and Globalisation and The Changing Right to the City: Urban Renewal and Housing Rights in Globalising Shanghai and Mumbai (with Xuefei Ren) and City & Community (September 2009). |
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Wes Janz
An architectural educator at Ball State University, Janz unites his professional education—MArch, UW–Milwaukee, 1978; PhD, University of Michigan, 1995 with building activities for the world’s working and urban poor. He is also co-Director of CapAsia, an 11-week immersive program that provides a cross section of world architecture, urbanism and planning for graduate and undergraduate students in selected South Asian regions and cities. With students, faculty colleagues and his collaborators in 26262625 Architects, he has constructed no-cost installations built of scavenged materials in Argentina, Sri Lanka and the US. |
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Jockin Arputham
Born in 1947 to Tamilian parents in the Kolar district of Karnataka, India, he moved to Mumbai in 1963, where he worked as a carpenter and building contractor. He is the President and founder of National Slum Dwellers Federation. He has worked for more than 40 years in slums and shanty towns, building representative organisations into powerful partners with governments and international agencies for the betterment of urban living. Arputham is also the President of Slum Dwellers International and was the winner of the 2000 Ramon Magsaysay Award for Peace and International Understanding. |
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Peter Head
He is a Director at Arup and leads the newly integrated business of Planning and Integrated Urbanism. He graduated in Civil Engineering from Imperial College, London in 1969 and has become a recognised world leader in major bridges, advanced composite technology, consulting engineering management and now in sustainable development in cities. He became Project Director for major crossings such as the Second Severn Crossing between England and Wales, receiving the Order of the British Empire (OBE) for services to the industry for delivering projects. He has won many awards for his work, including the Royal Academy Silver Medal, Award of Merit of IABSE and the Prince Philip Award for Polymers in the Service of Mankind. |
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Rahul Mehrotra
Rahul Mehrotra is a practicing architect, urban designer, and educator, who divides his time between working in Mumbai and teaching at Harvard University, Boston where he is Professor and Chair at the Department of Urban Planning and Design, Graduate School of Design. Mehrotra's firm, RMA Architects was founded in 1990 in Mumbai and besides various architectural commissions has also executed conservation and master planning projects. Some titles that Mehrotra has co- authored are Bombay: The Cities Within; Public Places: Bombay; Anchoring a City Line; Bombay to Mumbai - Changing Perspectives; and most recently, Bombay Deco. Of his other publications, the most significant was Conserving an Image Centre: The Fort Precinct in Bombay; based on its recommendations, the historic Fort area was declared a conservation precinct in 1995.
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Sheela Patel
She leads the Society for the Promotion of Area Resource Centres (SPARC), an Indian civil society organisation that aims to improve the living conditions and promote the rights of millions of urban slum dwellers and homeless people. She is also Chair of Shack/Slum Dwellers International (SDI), a confederation of slum dweller organisations from over 20 countries in the global south. SDI and its members help move urban policy away from reactive interventions toward long-term solutions, with the urban poor – particularly women – playing a key role in this process. They engage communities, government at many levels, other civil society groups, the private sector, academia and international institutions in this work. |
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Gautam Bhan
Gautam Bhan is a writer and researcher on urban systems based in New Delhi. His book with Kalyani Menon Sen, Swept off the Map-Surviving Eviction and Resettlement in Delhi is a critical exposé of a travesty in the name of urban development. Swept off the Map raises questions about the collective responsibility of authorities and all citizens in ensuring that uprooted informal communities such as the one from Pushta that live with dignity in the face of the repeated assaults on their identities, homes, rights and lives. |
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Pankaj Joshi
Pankaj Joshi – Executive Director, UDRI is a practicing conservation architect and has served on the Mumbai Heritage Conservation Committee. He has also been a visiting professor at the Academy of Architecture and Rizvi College of Architecture, Mumbai and a consultant to the Heritage Conservation Society of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA). He has been associated as the joint convener of the Mumbai Study Group, an interdisciplinary forum, at the Academy of Architecture, Mumbai and a member trustee of SAVE forum, an environment action group in North Mumbai.
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V Ramaswamy
V Ramaswamy is a Kolkata-based business executive, grassroots organiser, social planner, teacher, writer and translator. Trained as an economist, Ramaswamy has been engaged in working with and for the labouring poor of metropolitan Kolkata since 1984, to secure and advance their rights and development. He established Howrah Pilot Project, an independent grassroots organisation, in 1997, to take up a long-term programme of community and slum renewal in Priya Manna Basti, a century-old jute workers' settlement in Howrah. Ramaswamy is a member of the Salzburg Congress on Urban Planning & Development (SCUPAD).. He has been a guest faculty in the Department of Architecture, Jadavpur University (Kolkata) and the Centre for Urban Economic Studies, Calcutta University, and a Public Policy Associate in the Jerusalem Institute of Urban Environment. |
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Yatin Pandya
Yatin Pandya is an Ahmedabad-based author, activist, academician, researcher as well as the practising architect, with his firm FOOTPRINTS E.A.R.T.H. Yatin has been involved with city planning, urban design, Mass housing, architecture, interior design as well as conservation projects for which he has won numerous awards. Besides numerous articles in journals and 30 documentaries, he has authored books on architecture, which include "Concepts of space in traditional Indian architecture", and "Elements of space making". He has been a visiting faculty at National Institute of Design and CEPT University and guest lecturer/ critic to various universities in India and abroad.
Yatin has a keen interest in sustainability issues in the urban environment which are reflected in his projects like the Manav sadhna activity centre and cr-che, located amidst the largest squatter settlement of Ahmedabad. The multi-functional activity centre is built using components prepared through recycling municipal/domestic waste, that instigate the thought process of addresses environmental concerns, economic issues and affordable housing.
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